- Not a single shot was fired at Calley or his men.
- The massacre only ended when Warrant Officer Hugh Thompson, an Army helicopter pilot on a mission, threatened to open fire if they continued to attack.
- Amazingly, Calley's men received medical care as if they were the ones under attack. Utterly despicable.
Welcome to the Global History Hub! I'll be your host, Mr. Nations, your tour guide to our world. With a world so big, you might be confused about its backstory. Not to fear, I'm here to help you untangle the jumble of history in a fun and simple way. -Mr. Nations
Monday, November 9, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: My Lai Massacre
Monday, November 2, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Holocaust
Hello everybody and welcome back to another edition of Global History Hub! I'll be your host, Mr. Nations, your tour guide to this massive world we all call home! On today's edition of Misfortunate Monda, we'll be taking a look at possibly the grimmest tragedy in history, The Holocaust. Well, what are we waiting for? Let's take a look.
The term "holocaust" originally did not mean what it does today. Years and years ago, it was used to describe a sacrificial offering burned on an altar. But after World War II, the term has taken on a new and horrible meaning. It now means the murder of millions of Jews in Europe (along with Romani people, the mentally disabled, dissidents, and homosexuals)
To the anti-Semitic Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, Jews were an inferior race, an alien threat to German racial purity and community. While we know that this is absolutely false today, at the time many people agreed with Hitler and therefore the mass murders continued until WWII ended. It is estimated that 6 million Jews died as a result of Hitler's mass slaughters, 6 million innocent people that did not deserve to die.
Monday, October 26, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Johnstown Flood
- At the time, the Johnstown flood was considered the largest loss of civilian lives in the United States.
- The death toll was originally calculated at 2,209 people.
- The Galveston tornado was the next worst disaster, occurring in 1900.
Monday, October 19, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Explosion in Beirut
Hello everybody and welcome back to another edition of Global History Hub! I'll be your host, Mr. Nations, your tour guide to this massive world we all call home! On today's edition of Misfortunate Monday, we'll be taking a look at the very recent, very deadly explosion in Beirut. Well, what are we waiting for? Let's dive straight into it!
On August 4th, 2020, a large amount of ammonium nitrate stored at the port of Beirut, the capital of Lebanon, exploded. The explosion resulted in at least 202 deaths, 6,500 injuries, 300,000 homeless people, and around $15 billion in damages. The cause of the explosion is unknown and is currently under investigation.
The explosion was so powerful that it was felt in Turkey, Syria, Israel, Palestine, and even parts of Europe were rocked by the unfathomably large explosion. It was registered as a 3.3 on the seismic scale and is now considered one of the most powerful non-nuclear explosions in history. As a result, the Lebanese government declared a two-week state of emergency.
The aftermath was almost as destructive as the explosion itself. The protests that spawned all throughout the country caused the Prime Minister of Lebanon and the Lebanese cabinet to resign due to mounting political pressure that was only accelerated by the explosion. Although a new Prime Minister was elected, he failed to change the government and eventually stepped down from the position.
Fast Facts:
- Lebanon already had major political and economic problems before the explosion.
- The COVID-19 pandemic had overwhelmed many of the country's hospitals, making it hard to treat the injured.
- During the initial fire that set off the explosion, only ten men were dispatched to fight it.

Monday, October 12, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Assasination of Franz Ferdinand
Hello everybody and welcome back to another edition of Global History Hub! I'll be your host, Mr. Nations, your tour guide to this massive world we all call home! On today's edition of Misfortunate Monday, we'll be taking a look at the death of Franz Ferdinand, the death that caused World War I, one of the deadliest wars in history. Well, what are we waiting for? Let's dive straight into it!
Ferdinand was planning on attending a series of military exercises in 1914 in the country of Bosnia-Herzegovina. The Bosnians, upon learning of his visit, began plotting an assassination attempt. In May, soon-to-be assassins Gavrilo Princip, Trifko Grabez, and Nedeljko Cabrinovic traveled to the Serbian capital of Belgrade, where they received six handheld bombs, four semi-automatic pistols, and cyanide suicide capsules from members of the so-called Black Hand, a terrorist group with close ties to the Serbian army.
After practicing with their pistols in Belgrade Park, the men journeyed to Bosnia-Herzegovina receiving help from the Black Hand to smuggle their weapons across the border. It is still unknown whether the Serbian government participated in the dastardly scheme.
Ferdinand and Sophie, (his wife) departed their estate on June 23rd. Despite receiving multiple warnings to cancel their trip, they continued onwards. Soon, their car axles overheated and Ferdinand said "Here our car burns, and down there they will throw bombs at us." They continued on their trip for a few more days before they decided to return home.
This is when the assassination attempt begins. Cabrinovic asked which car the archduke was in. He then hurled the bomb at the car, only for it to bounce off the roof of the car and roll under a completely different car. The subsequent explosion injured two army officers. Cabrinovic then attempted to jump into the mostly-empty riverbed in a half-hearted attempt to commit suicide.
Cabrinovic:

Sources: https://www.history.com/news/the-assassination-of-archduke-franz-ferdinand
Monday, September 28, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: Hurricane Maria - Reduced Time Mode
Hello everybody and welcome back to another edition of Global History Hub! I'll be your host, Mr. Nations, your tour guide to this massive world we all call home! On today's edition of Misfortunate Monday, we'll be taking a brief look at Hurricane Maria, a deadly hurricane. Well, what are we waiting for? Let's dive straight into it!
Hurricane Maria was a devastating Category 5 hurricane that affected the regions of Dominica, St. Croix, and Puerto Rico in September of 2017. It is oftentimes regarded as the worst natural disaster to ever strike the area since Hurricane Jeanne in the year 2004. It shattered many records, including being the most powerful hurricane of the 2017 storm season. It also ranks tenth on a list of most intense Atlantic hurricanes ever.
The aftermath of such a storm was great, especially for the area. Total losses are estimated at nearly $100 billion, making it the third costliest tropical storm ever.
Monday, September 21, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Creation of Computer Viruses
- Computer virus "MyDoom" caused a massive $38 billion in damages, making it the costliest computer virus in history.
- More than 6,000 new computer viruses are created and released every month.
- In 1990, there were only 50 known computer viruses. Now that number is estimated to be around 480,000.
Monday, September 14, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: Mass Suicide at Jonestown
On November 18th, 1978, Peoples Temple founder, Jim Jones leads hundreds of his followers in a mass murder-suicide at their agricultural commune in a remote part of the South American nation of Guyana. The majority of Jones' followers willingly ingested the deadly, poison-laced cocktail. The minority was forced to do so at gunpoint. The final death toll that day was 909, a third of which were children.
Jones was an outgoing, charming churchman who established the People's Temple, a Christian religious group, in Indianapolis in the 1950s. He was your typical preacher, preaching against racism and other such topics. His integrated congregation drew in many African Americans. In 1965, he moved his base of operations to Northern California. In the 1970s, his church was accused of financial fraud, physical abuse of its members, and the mistreatment of children. In response to the accusations, the increasingly paranoid Jones invited his congregation to move with him to Guyana.
Jones had promised all his followers a utopia, but it wasn't even close to what his followers had dreamed of. Temple members worked long days in the field and were punished if they questioned Jones' authority. Their passports were confiscated, their letters home were censored, were encouraged to snitch on one another, and were forced to attend lengthy, late-night meetings. meetings.
Jones' mental health was declining, and that was when the suicide drills began. Only one day, it wouldn't be a drill.
Fast Facts:
- Children were the first to die, with nurses and parents dropping a vile mix of cyanide, sedatives, and powdered fruit mix into their throats.
- Adults were forced to line up and drink the concoction in the main pavilion while they were surrounded by armed guards.
- Residents did manage to escape into the jungle.

Monday, September 7, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Banqiao Dam Failure
The 1975 Banqiao Dam collapse was the collapse of sixty-two dams including the Banqiao Dam, the largest dam in Henan, China. The dams collapsed due to the enormous Typhoon Nina of 1975. The collapses resulted in the third deadliest flood in history which affected a total of 10.15 million people and severely overwhelmed around thirty cities and counties, impacting a total of around 3 million acres.
Oddly enough, the dams that collapsed were built with the help of experts from the Soviet Union. The construction of the dams emphasized the goal of retaining water and overlooked their capacities to handle floods. It didn't help that the quality of the dams was compromised during the Great Leap Forward in China. Experts also note that the Great Leap Forward severely damaged the surrounding ecosystem and forests in the region.
It is thought that the government's response to the crisis was in direct correlation with the death toll and the structures and buildings destroyed. In 2005, the Banqiao Dam Failure was rated No. 1 in "The Ultimate 10 Technological Disasters" of the world by the Discovery Channel.
Fun Facts:
- 6.8 million homes were destroyed during the disaster.
- The Banqiao Dam Failure was rated above the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster in terms of deadliness.
- Engineer Chen Xing raised concerns about the quality of the dams, but he was ignored.

Monday, August 31, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Conceptualization of Online Education
Monday, August 24, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Tenerife Aviation Disaster
The Tenerife Aviation Disaster is known as the deadliest aviation accident in history. The accident occurred when two aircraft at the then Los Rodeos Airport collided while on the runway. The airport's only taxiway was obstructed by parked planes, forcing all planes to taxi on the runway. Patches of fog that were drifting across the airport greatly reduced visibility and made a crash even more likely to occur.
The collision occurred when the KLM airline initiated its takeoff run while the Pan Am airliner, hidden by the fog, was still on the runway and about to turn off onto the taxiway. The impact and resulting fire killed everybody onboard the KLM and most of the passengers of the Pan Am, with only 61 in the front portion of the aircraft. The final death tally is 583, an astronomical number when compared to other aviation accidents.
An investigation was soon launched to determine who was at fault. In the end, it was decided that it was the fault of the crew of KLM and the airliner quickly agreed to pay compensation towards the affected families. The accident had many plastic effects, including better staff training and routine cockpit inspections.
Fun Facts:
- Los Rodeos airport changed its name to Tenerife Airport, hence the name of the accident.
- At the time, Tenerife Airport had no ground radar, so air traffic controllers had no idea KLM was taking off.
- It is thought that if the fog was not present on that day, the lives of 583 would have been spared.
Monday, August 17, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Apollo 13 Explosion
The Apollo 13 was the seventh manned mission in the Apollo Space Program and the third meant to land on the Moon. The craft was launched from Kennedy Space Center, but the mission was aborted because an oxygen tank onboard failed after two days into the mission. The crew looped around the moon rather than land on it. All crew members returned to Earth safe and sound.
The problem occurred when a routine stir of the oxygen tanks damaged wire insulation inside it, causing an explosion that vented the contents of the tank into space. Without the oxygen needed for breathing, the life support systems could not operate. The vessel's systems had to be shut down to conserve its remaining resources for reentry into the Pacific Ocean.
While it was certainly a tragedy, it has been dramatized, most notably the movie Apollo 13.
Apollo 13's damaged module:
Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_13
Monday, August 10, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: Three Mile Island Nuclear Accident
The Three Mile Island accident was the largest nuclear accident to occur in the entire nuclear energy industry. The power station was named after the island it was situated on and was located in the Susquehanna River near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. At around 4:00 AM on March 28th, 1979, an automated valve in the Unit 2 reactor mistakenly closed, cutting off the water supply from the feedwater system, (the system that transfers heat from the water already circulating in the reactor core). This caused the reactor to shut down automatically.
Unfortunately, due to a series of equipment and instruments malfunctions, paired with multiple human errors and poor decisions led to a severe loss in liquid coolant from the reactor core. This led to the zirconium inside the fuel reacting violently to the superheated steam, forming a large accumulation of hydrogen gas. Very little of this and the radioactive gases actually made it out into the environment and they did not pose a threat to the surrounding environment.
Three Mile Island Power Station:

Sources: https://www.britannica.com/event/Three-Mile-Island-accident
Monday, August 3, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Eruption of Mt. St. Helens
Geologists had suspicions that the volcano was going to erupt. They didn't know exactly when, however. The first sign was an increase in earthquake activity in March of 1980. Throughout March and April, the mountain became more active including several steam eruptions. In April, a large bulge appeared on the north side of the volcano. At this point, geologists knew the eruption would likely occur soon but still didn't have an exact time.
On May 18, a magnitude 5.1 earthquake shook the area. This caused the north side of the mountain to collapse. The majority of the north side of the mountain turned into a giant landslide, making it one of the largest landslides in recorded history. The giant mass of earth slid at a speed of over 100 miles per hour wiping out everything in its path. The landslide hit Spirit Lake next to the mountain causing 600-foot waves.
A few seconds after the landslide, the north side of the mountain exploded in a giant eruption. A lateral blast shot superheated gasses and debris out of the side of the mountain at over 300 hundred miles per hour. The blast burned and blew away everything in its path. Around 230 square miles of forest were destroyed as a result of this.
- Ash from the eruption had circled the globe within fifteen days.
- It's estimated that 900,000 tons of ash had to be cleared from roads and airports.
- President Carter visited the mountain shortly after it erupted. He said it looked worse than the surface of the moon.

Monday, July 27, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: Reduced Time Mode
- 17,000 people were executed by guillotine during the Reign of Terror. King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette were executed by guillotine for this.
- 171 people were killed trying to get over, under, or around the Berlin Wall.
- Not as many people as you might think were killed during the Salem Witch Trials. Only 25 died as a direct effect of the trials.
Monday, July 20, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Prohibition
The 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution banned the manufacture, transportation, and sale of all alcoholic beverages called the prohibition. The Prohibition officially went into effect on January 17th, 1920, and immediately problems began to arise. It was very difficult to enforce such a rule, and even harder to locate all the sources of illegal booze. Illegal liquor production skyrocketed as many people began looking for alcoholic beverages and were unsuccessful. Speakeasies began to pop up in more and more places, resulting in many getting around the Prohibition.
Other things happened as a result of the Prohibition. Other illegal substances became more prevalent, as people were taking up other habits to fill their alcohol habits. Smoking, gambling, and illegal narcotic usage soared as many were desperate to fill the hole alcohol has left them. Gang violence and other violent crimes happened more frequently, so by the end of the 1920s, support for the Prohibition waned dramatically. The 21st Amendment finally ended the Prohibition in 1933.
Fun Facts:
- The Prohibition is the only Amendment to have been repealed.
- Women fought to pass the Prohibition because they saw alcohol as a home-wrecker.
- The Prohibition never banned the consumption of alcohol, just the means by which it was obtained it were illegal.
Monday, July 13, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Great Galveston Storm
The Great Galveston storm was the worst hurricane of its time. It destroyed more than 3,600 buildings, reaching wind speeds of 135 miles per hour. Estimates of the death toll range from 6,000 to 12,000 people killed in the tragedy. Tragically, the magnitude of the disaster could have been lessened had the U.S. Weather Bureau not implemented such poor communication policies.
At the time, the U.S. Weather Bureau was only ten years old, and the technology was not very advanced at the time. Most hurricane detection was just a few boats stationed in the Gulf of Mexico. The weathermen said that the storm was passing west, and would not hit any major cities. It turned out they were very wrong.
It was also hard to get the message to people, as they had to first notify Washington D.C. before any hurricane warnings were issued. This proved very slow and ineffective. When administrator Isaac Cline realized that the storm was coming, he tried warning the town, but he was too late. The town was forever ruined and would never be as prosperous as it once was.
Fun Facts:
- Damages to Galveston exceeded $20 million dollars.
- Today, that would be more than $700 million dollars.
- The highest elevation in Galveston was a mere 8.7 feet.

Monday, June 29, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
For a biography of Abraham Lincoln, click here.
On Friday, April 14, 1865, the Lincolns attended a play called "Our American Cousin" at Ford's Theater. During the performance, John Wilkes Booth arrived at the theater, entered the State Box from the rear, and shot the president in the back of his head at an estimated 10:15 P.M. Lincoln was carried across the street to the Petersen House where he passed away the next day at 7:22 A.M. This was the first presidential assassination in American history, and the nation mourned the loss of its leader.

A picture depicting what may have happened.
Sources: https://myhero.com/Abraham_Lincoln?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIpcTL5aio6gIVT_DACh0INQwfEAAYASAAEgJ0qfD_BwE, paragraph eight.
Monday, March 23, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The (Recent) Coronavirus Outbreak
Monday, March 16, 2020
Misfortunate Monday: The Atlantic Slave Trade
The Atlantic Slave Trade involved the transportation of slaves mainly to the Americas. The slave trade existed from the 16th to the 19th century and the vast majority of those who were enslaved and transported in the transatlantic slave trade were those from Central and West Africa, who had been sold by others to Western European slave traders, who brought them to the Americas. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economies were particularly dependent on labor for the production of sugarcane and other commodities.
Approximately 1.2–2.4 million dying during the voyage and millions more died in camps in the Caribbean after arrival to the New World. Millions of slaves also died as a result of slave raids, wars and during transport to the coast for sale to European slave traders. Near the beginning of the 19th century, various governments acted to ban the trade, although illegal smuggling still occurred. In the early 21st century, several governments issued apologies for the transatlantic slave trade.
Fast Facts:
- Most of the jobs that slaves were assigned to included working on coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar, and cotton plantations.
- Brazil is where most of the transported slaves ended up.
- Many think that slavery is completely abolished, but it is thought that there are more slaves today than there were before the Civil War.